Abstract

Case Series

Clinical profile, prognosis and post COVID-19 Illnesses among attendants to private general practitioner (GP) clinic at Urban Amman Area: a clinical case-series study

Esraa Abuzayed* and Ishtaiwi Abuzayed

Published: 04 March, 2023 | Volume 4 - Issue 1 | Pages: 019-022

Background: The clinical manifestations of Corona Virus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19) varied from patient to patient with evidence of multi-organ involvement. Many patients continue to have a wide range of symptoms for variable periods of time. The long-term effects of COVID-19 infection (post-COVID-19 illness or syndrome) are not yet been fully explored.
This study aims to highlight the clinical manifestations of the acute COVID-19 infection and the longer-term manifestations of the disease among the attendants to a private GP clinic in the Urban Amman Area, Jordan.
Methods: A clinical case-series study was conducted on a sample of 300 COVID-19-positive cases among patients attending my private GP clinic in the Urban Amman Area, Jordan. We used the structured questionnaire based mainly on World Health Organization (WHO) Case Report Form (CRF) verified tool for post-COVID-19. All patients with COVID-19 were included in the study. Data collection was conducted through phone calls and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software. 
Results: The incidence of COVID-19 among patients attending the clinic during the period of this study was 25%. Females were 135 (45%) of the study population and males were 165 (55%). The mean (SD) of age was 34.2 (5.0) years. Most of the infected staff (90%) were symptomatic and developed acute COVID-19 symptoms. Fever, Cough, Fatigue, joint pain and loss of smell and taste were the most common symptoms. 72% of the study population had fully recovered from the infection, while 28% of them continued to suffer from many long symptoms. Fatigue (28%), shortness of breath on activity (18%), Social withdrawal (18%), anxiety (17%), forgetfulness (16%), trouble concentrating (15) and depressed mood (14%) were the most frequently reported long symptoms.
Conclusion: The prevalence of Post COVID-19 illness was 28% with a high public health burden calling for the public health system to address the medical and psychological needs of affected persons. Mental health and psychosocial support are recommended elements for the management of patients.

Read Full Article HTML DOI: 10.29328/journal.jcmhs.1001029 Cite this Article Read Full Article PDF

References

  1. Rashedi J, Mahdavi Poor B, Asgharzadeh V, Pourostadi M, Samadi Kafil H, Vegari A, Tayebi-Khosroshahi H, Asgharzadeh M. Risk Factors for COVID-19. Infez Med. 2020 Dec 1;28(4):469-474. PMID: 33257620.
  2. Khan M, Khan ST. Epidemiology and Progress So Far. Moléculas. 2021; 26 (1):1–25.
  3. Thakur V, Ratho RK, Kumar P, Bhatia SK, Bora I, Mohi GK, Saxena SK, Devi M, Yadav D, Mehariya S. Multi-Organ Involvement in COVID-19: Beyond Pulmonary Manifestations. J Clin Med. 2021 Jan 24;10(3):446. doi: 10.3390/jcm10030446. PMID: 33498861; PMCID: PMC7866189.
  4. Yelin D, Margalit I, Yahav D, Runold M, Bruchfeld J. Long COVID-19-it's not over until? Clin Microbiol Infect. 2021 Apr;27(4):506-508. doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.12.001. Epub 2020 Dec 11. PMID: 33316400; PMCID: PMC7832095.
  5. World Health Organization. A clinical case definition of post COVID-19 condition by a Delphi consensus, 6 October 2021. Accessed June 21, 2022. https://www.who.int/publications-detail-redirect/WHO-2019-nCoV-Post_COVID-19_condition-Clinical_case_definition-2021.1.
  6. O'Mahoney LL, Routen A, Gillies C, Ekezie W, Welford A, Zhang A, Karamchandani U, Simms-Williams N, Cassambai S, Ardavani A, Wilkinson TJ, Hawthorne G, Curtis F, Kingsnorth AP, Almaqhawi A, Ward T, Ayoubkhani D, Banerjee A, Calvert M, Shafran R, Stephenson T, Sterne J, Ward H, Evans RA, Zaccardi F, Wright S, Khunti K. The prevalence and long-term health effects of Long Covid among hospitalised and non-hospitalised populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis. EClinicalMedicine. 2022 Dec 1;55:101762. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101762. PMID: 36474804; PMCID: PMC9714474.
  7. Davis HE. Long COVID: major findings, mechanisms and recommendations: Review article. Nature Reviews Microbiology. 2023; 21:133–146.
  8. Grant MC, Geoghegan L, Arbyn M, Mohammed Z, McGuinness L, Clarke EL, Wade RG. The prevalence of symptoms in 24,410 adults infected by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19): A systematic review and meta-analysis of 148 studies from 9 countries. PLoS One. 2020 Jun 23;15(6):e0234765. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234765. PMID: 32574165; PMCID: PMC7310678.
  9. World view. :19.
  10. Pierce JD, Shen Q, Cintron SA, Hiebert JB. Post-COVID-19 Syndrome. Nurs Res. 2022 Mar-Apr 01;71(2):164-174. doi: 10.1097/NNR.0000000000000565. PMID: 34653099.
  11. Zayet S, Zahra H, Royer PY, Tipirdamaz C, Mercier J, Gendrin V, Lepiller Q, Marty-Quinternet S, Osman M, Belfeki N, Toko L, Garnier P, Pierron A, Plantin J, Messin L, Villemain M, Bouiller K, Klopfenstein T. Post-COVID-19 Syndrome: Nine Months after SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Cohort of 354 Patients: Data from the First Wave of COVID-19 in Nord Franche-Comté Hospital, France. Microorganisms. 2021 Aug 12;9(8):1719. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9081719. PMID: 34442798; PMCID: PMC8401026.
  12. Almasri M, Alqaisi R, Al-shagahin M, Al-kubaisy W, Aljarajreh A. Risk Factors and Characterization of Post-COVID-19 Syndrome in Jordan. 2022; 8:1-2.
  13. Mackay A. A Paradigm for Post-Covid-19 Fatigue Syndrome Analogous to ME/CFS. Front Neurol. 2021 Aug 2;12:701419. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2021.701419. PMID: 34408721; PMCID: PMC8365156.
  14. Förster C, Colombo MG, Wetzel AJ, Martus P, Joos S. Persisting Symptoms After COVID-19. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2022 Mar 11;119(10):167-174. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.m2022.0147. PMID: 35236547; PMCID: PMC9215272.
  15. Townsend L, Dyer AH, Jones K, Dunne J, Mooney A, Gaffney F, O'Connor L, Leavy D, O'Brien K, Dowds J, Sugrue JA, Hopkins D, Martin-Loeches I, Ni Cheallaigh C, Nadarajan P, McLaughlin AM, Bourke NM, Bergin C, O'Farrelly C, Bannan C, Conlon N. Persistent fatigue following SARS-CoV-2 infection is common and independent of severity of initial infection. PLoS One. 2020 Nov 9;15(11):e0240784. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240784. PMID: 33166287; PMCID: PMC7652254.
  16. Reddy RK, Charles WN, Sklavounos A, Dutt A, Seed PT, Khajuria A. The effect of smoking on COVID-19 severity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Med Virol. 2021 Feb;93(2):1045-1056. doi: 10.1002/jmv.26389. Epub 2020 Aug 13. PMID: 32749705; PMCID: PMC7436545.
  17. Umnuaypornlert A, Kanchanasurakit S, Lucero-Prisno III DE, Saokaew S. Smoking and Risk of Negative Outcomes Among COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. SSRN Electron J. 2020; 19(January):6–8.
  18. Vimercati L, De Maria L, Quarato M, Caputi A, Gesualdo L, Migliore G, Cavone D, Sponselli S, Pipoli A, Inchingolo F, Scarano A, Lorusso F, Stefanizzi P, Tafuri S. Association between Long COVID and Overweight/Obesity. J Clin Med. 2021 Sep 14;10(18):4143. doi: 10.3390/jcm10184143. PMID: 34575251; PMCID: PMC8469321.
  19. Aminian A, Bena J, Pantalone KM, Burguera B. Association of obesity with postacute sequelae of COVID-19. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2021 Sep;23(9):2183-2188. doi: 10.1111/dom.14454. Epub 2021 Jun 15. PMID: 34060194; PMCID: PMC8239834.
  20. Thompson EJ, Williams DM, Walker AJ, Mitchell RE, Niedzwiedz CL, Yang TC. Risk factors for ongoing symptomatic COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 syndrome: analyses of 10 longitudinal studies and electronic health records in the UK. medRxiv. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.06.24.21259277
  21. Naik S, Haldar SN, Soneja M, Mundadan NG, Garg P, Mittal A, Desai D, Trilangi PK, Chakraborty S, Begam NN, Bhattacharya B, Maher G, Mahishi N, Rajanna C, Kumar SS, Arunan B, Kirtana J, Gupta A, Patidar D, Kodan P, Sethi P, Ray A, Jorwal P, Kumar A, Nischal N, Sinha S, Biswas A, Wig N. Post COVID-19 sequelae: A prospective observational study from Northern India. Drug Discov Ther. 2021 Nov 21;15(5):254-260. doi: 10.5582/ddt.2021.01093. Epub 2021 Oct 30. PMID: 34719599.

Figures:

Similar Articles

Recently Viewed

  • Difference between conventional and modern methods for examination of fingerprints
    Ambati Ramesh Babu* Ambati Ramesh Babu*. Difference between conventional and modern methods for examination of fingerprints. J Forensic Sci Res. 2021: doi: 10.29328/journal.jfsr.1001025; 5: 037-040
  • Characterization and virulence determination of Colletotrichum kahawae isolates from Gidami, Western Ethiopia
    Zenebe W*, Daniel T and Weyessa G Zenebe W*,Daniel T,Weyessa G. Characterization and virulence determination of Colletotrichum kahawae isolates from Gidami, Western Ethiopia. J Plant Sci Phytopathol. 2021: doi: 10.29328/journal.jpsp.1001054; 5: 004-013
  • Statistical Mathematical Analysis of COVID-19 at World Level
    Marín-Machuca Olegario*, Carlos Enrique Chinchay-Barragán, Moro-Pisco José Francisco, Vargas-Ayala Jessica Blanca, Machuca-Mines José Ambrosio, María del Pilar Rojas-Rueda and Zambrano-Cabanillas Abel Walter Marín-Machuca Olegario*, Carlos Enrique Chinchay-Barragán, Moro-Pisco José Francisco, Vargas-Ayala Jessica Blanca, Machuca-Mines José Ambrosio, María del Pilar Rojas-Rueda, Zambrano-Cabanillas Abel Walter. Statistical Mathematical Analysis of COVID-19 at World Level. Int J Phys Res Appl. 2024: doi: 10.29328/journal.ijpra.1001082; 7: 040-047
  • Rida Herbal Bitters Improve Cardiovascular Function in High-fat Diet/Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats
    Folasade Omobolanle Ajao*, Damilola Ayodeji Balogun, Marcus Olaoy Iyedupe, Ayobami Olagunju, Esther Oparinde, Luqman Adeniji and Victor Abulude and Funmilayo Elizabeth Olaleye Folasade Omobolanle Ajao*, Damilola Ayodeji Balogun, Marcus Olaoy Iyedupe, Ayobami Olagunju, Esther Oparinde, Luqman Adeniji, Victor Abulude and Funmilayo Elizabeth Olaleye. Rida Herbal Bitters Improve Cardiovascular Function in High-fat Diet/Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats. J Cardiol Cardiovasc Med. 2024: doi: 10.29328/journal.jccm.1001177; 9: 044-051
  • Antibacterial Screening of Lippia origanoides Essential Oil on Gram-negative Bacteria
    Rodrigo Marcelino Zacarias de Andrade, Bernardina de Paixão Santos, Roberson Matteus Fernandes Silva, Mateus Gonçalves Silva*, Igor de Sousa Oliveira, Sávio Benvindo Ferreira and Rafaelle Cavalcante Lira Rodrigo Marcelino Zacarias de Andrade, Bernardina de Paixão Santos, Roberson Matteus Fernandes Silva, Mateus Gonçalves Silva*, Igor de Sousa Oliveira, Sávio Benvindo Ferreira, Rafaelle Cavalcante Lira. Antibacterial Screening of Lippia origanoides Essential Oil on Gram-negative Bacteria. Arch Pharm Pharma Sci. 2024: doi: 10.29328/journal.apps.1001053; 8: 024-028.

Read More

Most Viewed

Read More

Help ?